India is advancing plans to develop compact nuclear power reactors of up to 200 megawatts (MW), designed to generate clean energy for commercial ships and industrial use.
A senior government official confirmed that scientists at the Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) are currently developing two Bharat Small Modular Reactors (BSMRs) — one with a capacity of 55 MW and another of 200 MW. These small-scale reactors are intended for flexible deployment, including on merchant navy vessels and at captive power plants used by energy-intensive industries such as cement and steel.
“Nuclear power is generated through fission, which produces heat to generate electricity. You can place the reactor wherever it’s needed — even on a ship,” the official said, emphasizing the safety and versatility of the new technology.While declining to comment on the potential use of these reactors for naval propulsion, the official noted that India already operates two home-built nuclear-powered submarines — INS Arihant and INS Arighaat — each equipped with 83 MW reactors. A third, INS Aridhaman, is currently undergoing trials.
The BSMR initiative forms part of India’s broader effort to expand the share of nuclear energy in its overall power mix, reduce dependence on fossil fuels, and strengthen energy security.
Private Sector Participation in Nuclear PowerTo accelerate growth in the nuclear sector, the government is preparing amendments to the Atomic Energy Act (AEA), 1962, to enable private sector participation in civilian nuclear power projects.
Under the proposed reforms, private companies could be permitted to operate nuclear power plants and manage parts of the nuclear fuel cycle, including the procurement of fuel from foreign suppliers. A provision is also being considered to ensure that spent fuel is returned to its country of origin for safe handling.
Additionally, proposed changes to the Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage Act (CLND) aim to limit the liability of nuclear equipment suppliers, as specified in contracts with plant operators.
Together, these policy and technological developments signal India’s growing focus on small modular reactors (SMRs) as a safe, flexible, and scalable solution to meet its future energy and maritime needs. (Source: moneycontrol)
